How do you tell the difference between the drug working and just a good week?

The hologram is the least useful check because it is the one everybody makes.

A plausible mechanism is not an outcome, and this class is the textbook example.

You have two changes at once here. You cannot attribute anything until one of them moves. How long have you been on a backup routine?

Loose evidence and no evidence are different, and people overcorrect in both directions.